Things to Consider While Using Auto-Pilot System on Ships
Published on Nov 21st 2024
When operating an autopilot system on a ship, there are several critical considerations to ensure safety, efficiency, and compliance with navigational regulations. As a captain on a ship, in charge of the safety of everyone aboard, here are some key points you will need to keep in mind while you use autopilot on ships.
Understanding Limitations of the Autopilot :
Operational Boundaries: Autopilot systems in maritime navigation can maintain course but are not designed for all situations, especially high-traffic or narrow channels.
Weather sensitivity: Autopilot systems can struggle with maintaining course stability in heavy weather conditions. Waves, wind, and currents may, however, affect course-keeping.
Response Lag: Autopilot on ships might have a delayed response compared to manual steering, particularly during sharp course alterations.
Crew Training and Familiarisation:
Proficiency with Autopilot Controls: Crew members must be well-trained in the autopilot system’s operation, modes, and settings, as each system varies by manufacturer and model.
Mode Switching: The crew should know when and how to switch between autopilot and manual steering to handle unforeseen conditions or emergencies smoothly.
Regular Drills and Testing: Conduct routine tests and drills to ensure that the crew can quickly take over manual control if needed.
Environmental Awareness
Navigational Hazards: Autopilot is not a reliable maritime navigation system; it does not detect obstacles or hazards and strictly follows a course. It’s vital to remain vigilant for objects, ships, or geographical features.
Weather Changes: Quick shifts in weather, such as sudden storms or fog, can create risks if the autopilot is active without proper monitoring and adjustments.
Sea Traffic Conditions: Autopilot should be avoided in congested waters, where rapid maneuvers may be required to avoid collisions.
Compliance with Maritime Regulations:
COLREGS (Collision Regulations): Autopilot does not relieve the crew of responsibilities under international collision regulations. Constant Vigilance is necessary to ensure compliance.
Maintaining a Watch: One of the cardinal rules of maritime navigation, according to maritime law, is to always be on an active lookout even when autopilot is engaged. Autopilot is not a substitute for human presence.
System Monitoring and Adjustments:
Regular Course Adjustments: Small, gradual course changes may be needed to compensate for environmental effects, such as wind and current. This is because the autopilot mode may not be able to make these adjustments on its own.
System Alarms and Alerts: Many autopilot systems have alarms that activate when the vessel deviates from its course. These alarms must be monitored and tested regularly.
Engine and Rudder Monitoring: An autopilot system can strain engines and rudders, especially in rough conditions. Monitoring these components helps prevent undue wear or damage.
Reliability and Maintenance of the system:
Routine Inspections: Regularly inspect the autopilot system for wear or potential issues. Any malfunctioning components should be addressed immediately.
Calibration: Ensure the autopilot is properly calibrated, as any small errors can lead to significant course deviations over time.
Software updates: For digital autopilot systems, check for and apply software updates as needed to enhance functionality and safety features.
Situational Readiness:
Immediate Manual Override: Keep the autopilot control within easy reach so that the crew can quickly switch to manual control in any urgent situation.
Emergency preparedness: The crew should be ready to respond to any malfunctions and emergencies on the autopilot on ship, such as unexpected hazards in the maritime navigation system.
Backup Systems: In case of an autopilot failure, alternative navigational methods, such as manual steering or backup electronic systems should be ready to use.
By combining the capabilities of the autopilot with vigilance and situational awareness, crews can effectively utilize these systems while ensuring safe navigation and adherence to maritime laws and best practices. The BSc Nautical Science course at AMET Institute of Science and Technology involves one year of theoretical learning followed by 18 months of practical training, during which you will learn how to handle this crucial maritime navigation system easily.
